General Law in Society - Free Essay Example

Contents Introduction The humans and their own discipline, which protected them naturally The weaker is attacked by stronger The important characteristic of the Law of this situation My personal views on characteristic of Law in present society Conclusion Bibliography Introduction This assignment related on the subject of General Law, which I have to clarify about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Human, are naturally protected by their own discipline. However, sometimes weaker is attacked by stronger. The law is playing a significant role in this situation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The main determination to explain this topic is not only gets the full marks, but also explain the importance role of Law in the society while the conflicts arise. Since the human necessaries are advanced, the society has become complicated. Religious teaches the ethics of the society for resolving the conflicts, but sometimes weaker is attacked by stronger. In accordance with my personal views that is happening because of craving as well as ignorance of human beings. I hope to describe the main reasons to weaker attack by stronger as well as the importance of the Law with special reference of branches of Law, Human rights and Buddhist concepts. The humans and their own discipline, which protected them naturally Since we born our parents teach us what is right and wrong. Therefore, they are known as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Pubbacariya.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Buddha has mentioned that as following; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Brahamati mata pitaro-Pubbacariyatiuaccareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [1] Buddha has mentioned in the sutta that the parents are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Mahabrahamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [2] who become the first teacher in our life. According to the secondly and thirdly, we meet schoolteacher, friends etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in our life. Their advices can consider as the own disciplines which protect us naturally in the society. After that, we are well known about good and bad. If someones behavior with good habits he will protected by his own good deeds. Buddhism has also mentioned about that as follows. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dhammaohave Rakkhati Dhammacarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [3] Therefore, most people tried to live with good because they wanted to be protected in society. Let us explain this w ith best example. I am a monk from Nepal. If I behave badly, my high priest will punish me, therefore I do not do bad deeds in society. The concept that I have that I should not do bad deeds, which have given by parents that are calling my own discipline. To conclude this subtopic if someone behaves with good discipline in the society, there are no nay chance to get punished him or get in troubles. Then let we move to next topics, where I hope to discuss the real situation in the present world. The weaker is attacked by stronger The word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“weakerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which has different meaning that I used to write this assignment. Here I have indicated the meaning of weaker as weak in physical, wealth, politics, education money etc. The real situation of present world looks like the rule of the jungle. According to the rule of the jungle the small animal are foods for powerful, strong animals. Deer is the meal of lion. Here lion is strong by physical power, therefo re it eats deer. However, we are human we have equal rights to live in the society. The human rights can be defined as below The rights you have simply because you are human. A person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being Although these kinds of more article indicate about the importance of human rights in the society, the crime is increasing day by day. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everyone has rights to entitled to crime charge, full equal, fair and public hearing etc.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [4] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Not attack upon his honor and reputation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [5] Although the society has mentioned these rights, the crime is increasing in the present world. The people are using their power to kill innocent people. They used the power of politicians to release from the jails. When the person becomes rich, he/she tried to run the rules of the jungle. The next discussion point will be if people are trying to run the rule of the jungle, then how does the Law become important to eradicate problems from the world. The important characteristic of the Law of this situation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“All people are equal before the law and are entitled to equal protection of law.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [6] While the str onger people trying to establish the rule of the jungle, the Law plays an important character in the society. As I have mentioned above that everyone are equal before the law. People made a law for their protection; therefore, the law has divided into main two parts. If someone has done Murder Cheating Assault Theft Threaten Rape Smuggling is coming under the crime of a criminalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s actions. In addition, another part is civil actions. Law of property Law of Contract Mercantile Law Law of Delist or Tort Family Law Labor or Industrial Law If anyone has done these crimes, he/she will punish by the Law. The article describes further that no citizen shall be discriminated against on the grounds of race, religion, language, caste, sex, political opinion, place of birth or any of such grounds[7]. Here the significant character of the law can be seen in this article. The criminal might be the president of the country, he will punished by the law. Therefore, when the people tried to come out with jungle rules the Law plays an exceptional role in the society. In short, Law is equal for all citizens. My personal views on characteristic of Law in present society Actually, according to my personal views the Law in modern society is an illusion. The illusion means you can see, but there is nothing in the reality. Let us discuss some usage of articles on human rights. Article 9th This talk about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“no one shall be arrested without any reason of crime. According to these human rights, I feel that this is illusory in the society. Police arrest the innocent people and torture them to know the truth. I feel that the law is blind. Therefore, they are arresting innocent people. They might be criminals, but if they were not criminals then who will take the responsibilities of arrest and torture. Actually, we can see the Law in the society but the people has overused it, which converted to misuse. Article 10th Everyone has rights to entitled to crime charge, full equal, fair and public hearing etc. Article 11th This article talks about the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty. However, before they proved guilty the police have already hit him and forced him to accept the crime. Article 12th Not an attack upon his honor and reputation. The politicians are always doing this crime. Therefore, I asked what the meaning of having Law in the society. That is the main reasons for saying that the Law is an illusion as well as for poor people. According to the present situation, the law is similar to Matshaya Naya or the rule of the jungle. These all Law is benefits for rich people. When poor people broke the law, then that, are criminals, but for rich people it is an accident. Conclusion As a conclusion, I would mention that the law is an illusion as well as for poor people. I agree that human are naturally protected by his or her own disciplines. At that, time weaker attacked by stronger, but law will affect only those who are poor and cannot by Law. I believe that if you are stronger you are the Law in the present situation. Although the law has sold and turned into jungle rules, but somehow law plays significant roles in the society. Therefore, what I suggest is give you kind cooperation to protect law in the society. Do not try to buy it, which turns into jungle rules. Bibliography Primary Sources Sigalovada Sutta of Digha Nikaya Dhammapala Jataka Story in Jataka Pali of Khuddaka Nikaya Secondary Sources What Buddhists Believe, chapter 12, K. Sri. Dhammananda Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/01. Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/02 [1] Sigalovada Sutta of Digha Nikaya [2] Hindu people consider as the highest God [3] Dhammapala jataka Story in Jataka Pali of Khuddaka Nikaya [4] Article 10th [5]Article 12th [6] Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/01. [7] Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/02

Notes On The Great Gatsby By Leon Garfield - 1560 Words

TITLE Smith explores how both [intuition/morals] and intelligence are required to break the bonds of poverty. The Industrial Revolution was a time of great advancement, but also great grime, greed, dust, and dirt. The great dark mazes called neighborhoods were awash with the poor; there were homeless, orphans, criminals, or combinations of the three and more. Everyone was playing their own game of life, surviving by their own crooked means. Trust was dangerous, even between close family and friends. Every man, woman, and child within the shroud of poverty was competing for their own gains. It is in this sanctimonious, stinking, soot-covered world that young Smith, the protagonist of Smith by Leon Garfield, finds himself in. Smith has taken it upon himself to escape the prison that poverty is through the discovery of a [adjective portraying power, special, dangerous, sought after] document. Smith, along with others, fight for ownership of the document, to unlock its secrets and use to their benefit. Smith must use his skills of intelligence and intuition if he is to succeed, or even survive the escape of poverty. The river of Poverty is a great one; it is easy to slip and go down yet almost impossible to crawl back up. It is even worse for those who start at the very bottom. Everything above those at the bottom wants to want to push and pull them back, as if to prevent them from reaching any level of human decency. Even today poverty claims many. During the Industrial

Essay about Hiv and Aids in Prisons - 1629 Words

Running head: HIV and AIDS in Prison HIV and AIDS in Prisons Heather Cooper CJ242 Mr. Thompson April 24, 2013 Kaplan College-Southeast Abstract The following pages contain information on the AIDS and HIV epidemic within the United States prison system. The characteristics of these inmates will be discussed and how well this population adjusts to the environment. There are some treatments and services provided to these inmates in and outside the walls of the prison. The public views are not very friendly, but the criminal justice system is trying to make it easy for the inmates to return back to society with help on how to cope with the disease. HIV and AIDS in Prisons HIV and AIDS are a serious threat for prison†¦show more content†¦The Public’s View This population is not one population that the public ridicules so much. However they are in fear of these inmates getting out of prison and transferring the disease without notifying the other person that they are infected with HIV or AIDS. This can be a bigger problem than what people think especially if the partner to the inmate is unaware of the disease and goes to another partner with the disease they now unknowingly carry. This can become a huge threat to society. These inmates need to also know that knowingly having intercourse with someone and knowingly being infected during intercourse without telling the other person can be a felony which could land them back behind bars. People need to learn that there is no such thing as safe sex and that there is absolutely nothing wrong with asking your partner to get tested for STDs. It protects you as well as the m. Condoms are there for a reason not just to prevent pregnancy but also to keep many STDs from being passed from one person to another. There should be programs in place to educate people about the transference of STDs and to let them know that most of these STDs are being passed around in our prison systems unknowingly. Case Study In 1995, a man walked into a Minneapolis convenience store with his fingers in his pocket pointed like a gun. He was hoping the police would shoot him and kill him. This man was Aaron Burks, Sr. whoShow MoreRelatedControlling Managing Hiv/Aids In Prisons. Hiv/Aids Is1376 Words   |  6 PagesManaging HIV/AIDS in Prisons HIV/AIDS is a serious health threat for prison populations, and presents significant challenges for prison management to control. In prison populations around the world, the prevalence of HIV is often higher than that of the general population. In some cases, the prevalence of HIV infection in prisons is up to a hundred times higher than in the community. Even in countries with large heterosexual HIV epidemics, such as in Africa, studies have shown that rates of HIV infectionRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Hiv Among Offenders1750 Words   |  7 Pagesescalating incidences of HIV among offenders are primarily the result of their involvement in high-risk behaviours, such as needle sharing and unsafe sex (Dolan et al., 2014). Studies have shown that for various reasons, offenders engage in more frequent high-risk behaviours than people in the general population (Canadian Aids Society, 2000). For example AVERT, an HIV and AIDS charity, states that: â€Å"prison conditions are often ideal b reeding grounds for onward transmission of HIV infection. They areRead MorePresident Obama And His Agencies826 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Obama and his agencies: President Obama has made an assertive effort to address this epidemic. He tasked the Office of National HIV/AIDS Policy (ONAP) to develop and implement a National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS). The NHAS is has three goals. Firstly, to reduce HIV incidence, next to increase access to care and to optimize health outcomes, and lastly to reduce HIV related health disparities. In the opening page of the NHAS President Obama urges us all to get involved, the states, cities and localRead MoreLowering the Risk of Spreading HIV1269 Words   |  5 Pagestoo detailed? Executive Summary HIV, also known as the human immunodeficiency virus, can have diminishing effects on the body’s immune system. Unlike other viruses, such as the flu, the body cannot get rid of HIV. This virus attacks T-cells (T-cells play a huge role in cell immunity), and replicates itself among the attacked T-cells. When too many of the cells have been attacked, and the body can longer fight infection, the HIV infection can then transform into AIDS. (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome)Read MoreThe Effects of HIV Related Stigma841 Words   |  3 PagesMSM, all of which reproduce stigma. 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The HIV rate in Canadian prisons remains relatively stable, which is good news, however, there is notRead MoreResearch Proposal, Part I977 Words   |  4 Pagesinmates engage in drug-related and sexual risk behaviors, and the transmission of HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases occurs in correctional facilities. However, there is uncertainty about the extent of transmission, and hyperbolic descriptions of its extent ma y further stigmatize inmates and elicit punitive responses. Whether infection was acquired within or outside correctional facilities, the prevalence of HIV and other infectious diseases is much higher among inmates than among thoseRead MoreCorrections Trends1053 Words   |  5 PagesCorrections Trend Evolution Roshanda Washington CJA/394 July 10, 2013 Tamra Washington Correction Trends Evolution Prisons are at a higher demand in this economy. As our world expands there are more crimes that are on rise and more individuals who are being sloppy and being caught for the crimes that they are committing. With more people being captured that leaves less space to house these criminals. We face more problems now than we did in the earlier years, now individuals are committingRead MoreAbstract. In This Paper, We Will Identify One Of The Healthy1541 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor role in the prison system is disease prevention. Nurses have a crucial role in disease prevention by their involvement in the screening, identification, treatment, and education of diseases that may affect entire populations or communities. In this paper, we will discuss one of these diseases that Healthy People 20/20 have identified. Objective Healthy People 20/20 identified HIV disease as one of their objectives to be successful in the prevention and transmission of the HIV infection amongRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Hiv1361 Words   |  6 PagesThe first cases of AIDS that were reported in the United States began in the early 1980s. Today, more than 1.1 million people are living with HIV. In response to this HIV epidemic, at least 35 states have implemented HIV-specific criminal laws that penalize HIV-positive people for exposing others to the virus. These laws impose criminal penalties to HIV positive people that knowingly and potentially expose others to the virus. The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act, also known

Prosperity Gospel - 1546 Words

In today’s society, Christianity is plagued with many disagreements about how to deal with current issues in society. These problems arise from the fact that Christians have the same fundamental beliefs, but they often disagree on the details. This is the reason why there is a panoply of denominations in the Christian faith. The way that many of the factions in Christianity interpret the word of God can be categorized into different styles of gospel, such as evangelicalism and fundamentalism. One such category that is beginning to gain popularity in today’s society, often taught in megachurches, is Prosperity Gospel. Prosperity Gospel, also called the â€Å"Health and Wealth Gospel† by Scot McKnight’s internet article â€Å"The Problem for the†¦show more content†¦[†¦] But seek first His kingdom and His righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well (The New International Version, Matthew 28-33). This verse is saying that God provides only the best for His creations, and that He will provide even more for His people because they are made in His image. This verse is also saying that if you are faithful to God that this promise will be fulfilled. Other verses conveying this same message are given in 3 John 1:2 and Philippians 9: 14. All of these passages such as this one reinforce the belief that God wants to see us live successful lives. This promise is often appealing to those who face â€Å"appalling social realities within which this teaching flourishes and the measure of hope it holds† (â€Å"Lausanne Theology Working Group Statement on the Prosperity Gospel† 1). This quote shows that this form of gospel gives hope to those who wish to improve their lives through faithfulness. Although Prosperity Gospel offers a desirable interpretation of the Bible, it does not offer the whole story according to many opponents of Prosperity Gospel. Many of the figures that p reachers of the Prosperity Gospel focus on to get across their message are found in the Old Testament. Even though the Old Testament is very important to understanding Christianity, Christians believe that everything completely changed when Jesus came to Earth and died on the cross. One difference in the New Testament is that there are far less peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Nations Be Glad, By John Piper822 Words   |  4 Pagesnation† (255). Piper begins his work by offering a thorough critique of the prosperity gospel and the dangerous effect that gospel has on missions. By claiming that the prosperity gospel undermines believer’s covenantal witness, minimizes godliness, makes little of the spiritual battle that is raging, and undercuts the gospel’s assurance that followers of Jesus will endure suffering, Piper appeals to those who proclaim this gospel to cease, as it harms the mission of the church. From there, the authorRead MoreAnalysis Of A City Is A Simple Concept Driven Book 1090 Words   |  5 PagesT.A.C book review Transform a city is a simple, concept driven book, written by two evangelical pastors who are passionate about their city. T.A.C communicates it s concepts well through helpful visuals and models. T.A.C clearly explains the gospel, and how it is the basis of their ministry to their city. The authors are suggesting a theological view that through ministering to a city The church can transform the city to conform to the will of God. T.A.C crosses theological particulars and denominationalRead MoreWe live in a world where religion is all around us. But why is everyone so interested in finding1300 Words   |  6 Pagescomes from the four Gospels written by, Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, which can be found in the New Testament. So, what is a Messiah? The Jews believed that the Messiah would come and present to them a new world free from Roman power and bring about a greater national prosperity. They were expecting not a humble servant of God but a literal king or military leader. Therefore, when investigators want to learn more about Jesus the Messiah and his teachings they can refer to the Four Gospels. Many ChristiansRead MoreThe Salvation Is Not From All Humanity768 Words   |  4 PagesThis book is dedicated to every believer that loves the Lord and to the preaching of the gospel regardless of your color, background, and ethnicity. God came in the flesh to identify with humankind, not only to one particular ethnicity, but to all humanity. I am writing this book not to pick on anyone or any ethnicity in particular, but rather to let each and everyone know that God loves them very much that He had to sacrifice His only begotten son in order to save all human beings. 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The Physics of Roller Coasters - 1551 Words

People sometimes engage in activities and are unaware that such activity involves physics. Physics is all around. For instance, you may go to Six Flags and do not analyze how physics helps the machines you ride in operate. Have you ever asked yourself how a roller coaster works? Would roller coasters safely run without the knowledge that physics offers us? The answer is no. Roller coasters are driven by physics; it mobilizes and gives its riders amusement through forces such as inertia, gravitation, and centripetal forces and utilizes different types of energies such as potential and kinetic energy. Physics is what makes roller coasters safe and effective. It is not only the high speed of the trains of a roller coaster that makes the†¦show more content†¦It is not a motor that is responsible for driving the roller coaster but rather the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy. The train gets the kinetic energy necessary for the entire ride from the first steep hil l it goes down. Energy can never be created or destroyed, however, it is conserved through forces like gravity, which is known as conservation of energy. Kinetic and potential energy are the two most important types of energy that a roller coaster needs to function. Kinetic energy is energy of motion, the faster an object or something moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses. On the other hand, potential energy is defined as energy of position or stored energy. The roller coaster utilizes potential energy, which is dependent of the mass of the train and the height, when the motor lifts it up the hill and then, this transfers to kinetic energy when the roller coaster suddenly drops, gaining speed. Therefore, the sum of kinetic and potential energy forms the mechanical energy of the roller coaster, energy which is occasionally lost throughout the ride due to friction. Potential energy is transferred into kinetic energy at the beginning of the ride as the roller coaster undergoes its first descent. When the train of the roller coaster is at the peak of the hill, it possesses a lot of potential energy and much less kinetic energy because it is at a high altitude and moves slowly. Conversely, when it is at the bottom, it has a lotShow MoreRelatedRoller Coaster Physics1483 Words   |  6 PagesIndividuals love to go to the amusement parks and try out the rides that are available. The most common and thrilling ride is the roller coaster. An amusement park is not an amusement park if it does not contain a roller coaster. What makes these roller coasters so fun that every amuse parks has one. A lot of people would say it is their extreme high speeds that makes it very exciting. That is a valid answer, but it is the wrong answer. The speed has nothing to do with the excitement. It is moreRead MoreThe Physics of Roller Coasters1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe anticipation builds. The roller coaster cannot seem reach the peak quickly enough. The train clicks and clacks as it slowly ascends to the summit. Your hands sweat from your tight grasp on to the single lap bar that keeps you in your seat... And on that thought, the adrenaline pumps through your blood. Suddenly your body is flung forward as you plummet down the first drop. Then you are being forced down on the cart’s seat as you arch the bottom of the transition to going up the seco nd hill. WindRead MoreThe Physics Of Roller Coasters1209 Words   |  5 PagesEver since the first commercial roller coaster was built in the United States in 1884, roller coasters have been seen in amusement parks all around the world. These rides, seen in all shapes and sizes, are widely recognized for their thrills. At sudden twists and turns, riders experience large levels of excitement. But what makes a roller coaster so exciting? The answer is physics. In the process of designing roller coasters, engineers use concepts such as Newton’s three laws of motion to makeRead MorePhysics Principles Of Roller Coasters1047 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch topic was about the different physics principles that apply to roller coasters. I am to state not only the different types of principles but as well some laws of physics. Roller coasters are not an easy thing to build, one can yes build it but in order to make it succeed there are many ideas that come together and many calcu lations. I selected this topic because I never paid much attention to all of that work engineers have to do in order to make a roller coaster successful and also because I seeRead More The Physics of Roller Coasters Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physics of Roller Coasters The roller coaster has its beginnings in Russia where during the 1600s. People crafted sleds out of wood and built hills made of ice blocks. The hills had sand at the bottom to help slow down the sleds so they would not crash when they reached the bottom of the hill.1 Over time, the roller coaster has become more complex. They now are taller, faster and are designed out of different materials like wood and steel. Although roller coasters are fun and exciting, theRead More Physics of Roller Coasters Essay1752 Words   |  8 Pages Roller coasters are driven almost entirely by inertial, gravitational and centripetal forces. Amusement parks keep building faster and more complex roller coasters, but the fundamental principles at work remain the same. A roller coaster is like train. It consists of a series of connected cars that move on tracks. But unlike a passenger train, a roller coaster has no engine or power source of its own. 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Organizational Behavior Management and Practice

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Behavior Management and Practice. Answer: Introduction The competitiveness among the business organization is increasing day by day and; therefore, the businesses are focusing on increasing their productivity and long-term performance. The employees or the human resource play a critical role in driving the performance of the business and improving organization effectiveness. Therefore, business organizations irrespective of their size try to retain their best employees in the organization. The business organizations also try to build relationships with their employees and motivate them to become more productive in their day to day life. They also develop strategies to increase the performance of the employees because if they are not able to manage their workforce properly they will not be able to achieve organization goals and retain their employees. Today, a large number of business organizations are acknowledging the importance of the human resource and realize that the employee not satisfied or not motivated to with their jobs will br eak their association with the organization and it will not be able to attain success (Podmoroff, 2016). In order to motivate the employees, the business organizations implements various financial and non-financial reward strategies.The financial rewards refer to the monetary gains which entice the employees to perform better. Money is fundamental to the employer-employee relationship. In a business organization, the employees work towards the aims of the organization and in its exchange get monetary benefits. Therefore, a business firm can use money to motivate the employees. However, the efficacy of money in motivating the employees to achieve targets more than their regular targets in unidentified. In this regard, in this essay, the impact of financial rewards in motivating the employees is explored. The thesis statement of the essay is, whether financial rewards, which are fundamental of employment relationship, can be effectively used in motivating the employees. Management Theories of Motivation In the twenty first century, the organizations are striving to achieve their targets and increase employee productivity. Several management theories have stated that the employee motivation is a critical factor in the organization development and productivity. Therefore, the organizations are focusing on enhancing the employee productivity by increasing their motivation level. The motivation can be defined as the psychological process which directs the behavior and gives a purpose to an individual. It is the predisposition of a person wherein a person behaves in a specific manner to accomplish the targets and the organization goals (Daft and Marcic, 2010). There are several management theories that centers motivation and state that there is a driving force in each employee which needs to be identified and triggered. The attribution theory of motivation states that the people put large efforts if their efforts will result in enjoyable outcomes. Moreover, if the outcomes of their efforts will result in high esteem then also the individuals will put strong efforts in their work. The cognitive and the self-efficacy theory state that the efforts of the employees are dependent upon their expectations with themselves and self-efficacy. The expectancy theory states that an individual works harder in expectation of some rewards for their efforts. The behavior of the employees can be both positive and negative dependent upon the outcomes of their performance. If the outcomes of the task are not motivating then it is highly unlikely that the individual will perform better. The cognitive theory states that the organization culture plays a critical role in the motivation and engagement of the employees. The individual employees are motivate in the organization is dependent upon the perception of the employees and if they assume that the incentives are worthy of their efforts. The employees will also be positive in the workplace if they presume that the targets are achievable to the (Javid and Chapa, 2014). The motivational needs of the employees can also be understood by Maslows pyramid of hierarchical needs wherein the levels are physiological needs, safety and security needs, social needs, esteem needs and the self-actualization. According to this postulation, the people desire to move to another level once they have achieved the previous level. Accordingly, once the people start earning money to satisfy their basic needs and security needs, they desire social status, reputation and recognition. Along with it, the employee motivation can be categorized into intrinsic and extrinsic needs. The extrinsic motivation factor are the external factors such as job security, remuneration amount, working conditions, status of the employees and flexibility and the employee friendly policies. However, these external factors can be categorized as the minimal requirements that keep the client satisfied. It means that if these extrinsic factors such are acceptable then they prevent the employees fro m getting dissatisfied. If the organization maintains the satisfactory level of these factors, the employees are not motivated to exceed their expected demands or requirements. However, in contrast to it, there are some factors which are crucial which develop the performance of employees. These are termed as intrinsic motivation factors. These factors include recognition, achievement, responsibility, growth opportunity and responsibility. The relationship between the employee payment and the job satisfaction is also very low and it becomes increasingly irrelevant in uninteresting tasks. In the task, where the employees are not motivated by the work itself, the financial remuneration is negatively correlated with the intrinsic motivation of the employees. Moreover, the employees motivated by the financial factors are less likely to perform better than those employees who are motivated by the work itself. Though money is a kind of motivation and satisfies the basic needs of the employees, it cannot motivate the employees to increase their productivity. A positive working environment can be established by enhancing the job-security and transparency in the work environment (Kulchmanov and Kaliannan, 2014). Impact of Monetary Remuneration The relationship between the employer and the employees is characterized by the financial and the monetary rewards and their exchange. The employees work to achieve the aims and of the organization and in return get monetary rewards. The financial rewards are also correlated with the growth needs and the value of the employee. They are a major motivating factor in the motivation of the employees; however, there are several other factors which are associated with keeping the employee motivated such as the organization culture and the growth prospects of the person in that particular organization. The impact of the remuneration or the financial rewards is also different as it generates different emotions in different employees. In some culture, the people identify and relate their worth in accordance to their wealth. Generally, the business organizations reward their employees in terms of their seniority and association with the organization, job status, competency and the performance in the organization. The different kind of financial rewards are associated with different returns such as rewards associated with seniority are aimed to reduce the turnover, and the rewards based on the job status are aimed to motivate the employees to compete and become productive. However, the seniority based rewards also reduce the turnover of the employees with lowest productivity. Along with it, the rewards associated with the job status encourage the employees to internally compete which create organization politics (Wilton, 2016). Nowadays, the organizations are also starting to provide competency based rewards to motivate the employees to increase their performance. It includes increasing workplace flexibility to keeps the employees motivated. However, the competency based rewards increases overall cost of the company as the assessment was totally subjective and the employees spend time in the acquisition of new skills. The financial rewards are crucial in motivating the employees early in their career. In the financial rewards, the money spent directly by the company in motivating the employees is higher than other non-financial rewards. The financial rewards given by the company can be categorized into cash bonus and the salary hikes. The overall salary and the compensation offered to the employees are major factor in keeping the employees motivated. The incentives or the cash bonus is additional payment or cash paid on top of the regular salary to encourage the employees to achieve the companys goals (Step hens, 2005). The bonuses are beneficial for the employees as well as the employer as the employees get additional money whereas the employer gets the best performance. The salary hike is done once or twice a year to retain the talented and senior employees within the organization. The percentage of the annual raise is specific to an organization and is dependent upon the performance, sales and loyalty of the employees. Usually, the raises are a percentage of the annual income and also associated with the promotion of the employees. Another monetary reward is commission which is directly associated with the performance of the employees. The commission is usually given to the people in sales and amounts to the amount of sales completed. The commission assists the employees to makes as much sales as possible to increase their commission. The employees get out of their way to increase the sales and so to increase their income. The companies also recruit the employees with high benefits package. The b enefits package of the organization wherein the direct compensation to the employees is low; however, the benefit package is higher makes the organization more appealing to the potential candidates. There are other types of financial rewards also such as profit sharing and piece work motivation (Latif and Saddiqui, 2014). In the recent years, the organizations are also shifting towards providing team-based awards and commissions according to the performance and the rank of the employees. Although these group based rewards are weakly linked with the motivation level of the employees, they impart a sense of ownership to the employees. These organization rewards include stock options and organizations share (Tech-Hong and Waheed, 2011). However, the monetary rewards are only successful in motivating the employees at a lower level. In senior positions, the employees are more concerned about position and prestige. The correlation between compensation, motivation and performance is complex. There is no specific relation between monetary compensation and performance at work at higher level. Even with the abundant resources, it difficult for the organizations in deciding the ideal salary to motivate the employees to perform better (Mills et al., 2006). Although money is a significant motivational factor in employee performance, it is sufficient in itself. The motivational value of money can be determined as its ability to make the job enjoyable and engage and satisfy the employees. The correlation between remuneration and the employee satisfaction is weak. Other factors such as organization culture and flexibility are crucial in increasing the employee satisfaction. Moreover, the employees who are motivated intrinsically have tendency to perform better which are extrinsically motivated. It means that the employees who enjoy work and are motivated by it performs better than the employees who are engaged by the money involved in it (Tech-Hong and Waheed, 2011). In regard to the high performing employees, the companies assume that since these employees are high performing, they are internally driven and do not require external motivation. The high performing employees perform their best as they receive market level compensation. However, money or the financial remuneration singularly cannot motivate employees. The expectation of receiving money in near future is highly motivational; however, the motivation diminishes, once the employee receives the money (Armstrong, 2007). Therefore, it can be posited that although money is important, the employees need more motivating factors. At the senior stages of career, the employees want to be recognized and acknowledged for their contribution to the organization. The employees want their organization to state that they have contributed to the success of the organization (Griffin, and Moorhead, 2013). The business enterprises can also not use money to change the behaviour and outlook towards. Although money is an essential motivating factor, and it motivates the every employee to some extent, it directs the work of the employee rather than motivating them. The impact of compensation in motivating the employees is also dependent upon the compensation design and the incentives structure. The failure in the compensation design can be due to the failure of linking the business objectives with the performance measures, providing performance feedback to the employees and design variance in incentives from the base salary which is motivating to the employees (Armstrong, 2002). The incentives system of the organization should be effectively designed so that the employees are willing to work harder and achieve targets. It means that the targets designed by the company should be achievable as well as the incentives should be lucrative enough to motivate the employees (Yousaf et al., 2014). As discussed above, the fundamental to the employee-employer relationship is money; it means that the employees work to obtain their remuneration. However, it is important that the organization do not underestimate the power of money in motivating the employees. Money is crucial in attracting talent and recruiting employees. However, once the employee is hired or within the organization it is important to provide the employees with other factors to keep motivating them. It can be argued that the flexibility in the workplace is other factor which motivates the employees to work harder according to their comfort. The employees expect they will be paid fairly according to their efforts; however, over-paying the employees provided little motivation to work harder (Kaufmann, Schulze and Veit, 2011). Therefore, along with money the companies should focus on other factors that encourage the employees to work harder. Moreover, money does not become a motivating factor after the employees hav e obtained the basic amenities in life. The employees are also motivated by money when they presume that their compensation is directly correlated to the performance of the employees. Therefore, it is important to introduce flexibility and positive organization culture to motivate the employees to achieve the organization goals. The driving force of each individual is also different. Money works for most of the individuals; however, the motivational factors for each employee are different. Some employee strive for money whereas, some employees strive for recognition and appreciation (Taylor and Taylor, 2011). Conclusion It can be concluded that the employee motivation is significant aspect in increasing the productivity of an organization. Many companies realize that employees are crucial resource of an organization to achieve their targets. Employee motivation is crucial in driving the employees to achieve their targets. In this regard, the business organizations implement several strategies to motivate the employees to achieve their targets. The companies implement both financial and non-financial reward system to encourage their employees to achieve more than their targets. The financial targets of an organization include incentive system, annual hikes and the cash bonuses. Although cash is an essential component of the employee motivation, it does not always yield desired results. It is due to the fact that different people get motivated by different driving force. At the senior positions, the impact of money in increasing the performance of the employees gets reduced and the people get motivate d by recognition and the social value. Therefore, it is important to introduce social value components such as recognition, and appraisal to enhance the performance of the employees. Moreover, the organization culture and the employee flexibility are also essential in the motivation of the employees. It has been identified in the essay that the people motivated by the work are more likely to deliver results than the employees who are motivated by the money. The thesis statement of the essay can be restated as, Although financial rewards are essential to employee motivation, they cannot be implemented singularly in motivating the employees. References Armstrong, M. (2002). Employee Reward. CIPD Publishing. Armstrong, M. (2007). A Handbook of Employee Reward Management and Practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Daft, R.L. and Marcic, D. (2010). Understanding Management. Boston: Cengage Learning. Griffin, R.W. and Moorhead, G. (2013). Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations. Boston: Cengage Learning. Javid, S. and Chapa, A. (2014). When Money is not a Motivating Force in the Work Place. Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: Arts Humanities Psychology 14(3). Kaufmann, N., Schulze, T. and Veit, D. (2011). More than fun and money. Worker Motivation in Crowdsourcing A Study on Mechanical Turk. Proceedings of the Seventeenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Detroit, Michigan August 4th -7th 2011. Kulchmanov, A. and Kaiannan, M. (2014). Does Money Motivate Employees? Empirical Study of Private and Public Financial Sector in Kazakhstan. International Journal of Business and Management 9(11), 214-124. Mills, A.J., Bratton, J. and Mills, J.C.H. and Forshaw, C. (2006). Organizational Behaviour in a Global Context. University of Toronto Press. Podmoroff, D. (2016). 365 Ways to Motivate and Reward Your Employees Every Day: With Little Or No Money. Atlantic Publishing Company. Stephens, T. (2005). Employee Reward. CIPD Publishing. Taylor, J. and Taylor, R. (2011). Working Hard for More Money or Working Hard to Make a Difference? Efficiency Wages, Public Service Motivation, and Effort. Review of Public Personnel Administration 31(1), 6786. Tech-Hong, T. and Waheed, A. (2011). Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene and Job Satisfaction in the Malaysian Retail Sector: Mediating Effect of Love of Money. Asian Academy of Management Journal 16(1), 73-94. Wilton, N. (2016). An Introduction to Human Resource Management. London: SAGE. Yousaf, S., Latif, M., Aslam, S. and Saddiqui, A. (2014). Impact of Financial and non-Financial Rewards on Employee Motivation. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 21(10), 1776-1786.

Human Relations and Life Transitions for Piaget - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHuman Relations and Life Transitions for Piaget Thoery. Answer: Introduction The childhood is one of the crucial phases of everyones life. At that stage, the child learns many things that help them in the long run of their life. Initially, they learn from their parents, and then move to school and so on. If any of the phases is not properly guided then they may take the wrong step. There are various theories that explain the different stages of the child, provide the guideline about their freedom and responsibilities. The transition of life includes several hurdles and challenges. So, learning the theories and adopting them in the daily life will change the life of a child. Scenario 2 Piaget's theory The Piaget's theory of the cognitive development deals with the issues that how a child constructs the mental model of the world. The theory works with the genetic epistemology that is the origin of the thinking. The term genetics deals with the study from where the things come from that are the origin(Bridges Bridges, 2017). The Epistemology is more interested about the elementary categories of thinking that is to speak, the overall framework or architectural properties of the intelligence. The main aim of this theory is to measure the ability of jack that how he count well, spell or solve the mental ability problems called as Intelligence questions(Etzkowitz Leydesdorff, 2014). According to the Piaget's theory, the mental structure of jack is different from the others depending on which the learning and knowledge are based. The target of this theory is to describe the different mechanisms by which the infant, then the child, grow into an individual who is able to think and differentiate the various hypotheses. The three basic components of the Piaget's cognitive theory are schemes, adoption process which enables the transition in the children from stage to the other and the various stages of the cognitive development(Kail Cavanaugh, 2015). Erikson's Theory The Erikson theory of the social development of the children and teenagers consists of eight stages of development. Each stage of the Erikson was regarded as the "psychological crisis" which rises with the demand and the resolution of the previous stage and the next stage. The first stage of the development is learning about the basic trust and the mistrust. It is the initial period of the infancy which is in between the first one or two years of life. When the jack is natured well with full love and caring then hedevelops the trust and security. If the reverse thing happens, that is if he are not handled properly then hebecame aggressive and insecure(Leider, 2015). The second stage is the autonomy versus shame and doubt. It happens in the early ages between the 18 months and three, when the children are trying to do the things of their own and wants their full independence. They started moving away from their parents, choose the things of their own, and make their own choice for the ir clothes and much more(Moos, 2013). Erikson theory states that if the parents allow them to do the things till the end, then they will explore many things of their own abilities. It shows an encouraging nature of the parents rather than having any shame or doubt with the ideas and intention of the children. A delicate balance and support are required from the parent. If at this stage, children are encouraged and supported by their parents then they will become more confident and brave in solving their own problems(Newman Newman, 2017). The situation is more familiar with the residents of the USA where they are allowing the children to do their work until they require assistance. They never criticize or control the children at this stage. The next stage describes the initiative nature and guilt within the children. During the age of two to five years, the children develop the feature of interacting with the other children at the school. It provides an opportunity to explore their interpersonal skills through various in itiatives. If this tendency is muffled by any means like through criticism or control, then they will develop a sense of guiltiness(Parkes Prigerson, 2013). Vygotsky's theory The main goal of this nursing theory is to deal with the more complex cognitive activities of jack which are governed and examined by various principles. The various tools and semiotic signs are given to the children to do the things exactly as it is required. The process engages the lower age limit children who are capable of doing their work or to solve any problem of their own without taking any help from the others(Sigelman Rider, 2014). Jack is provided with the verbal training about the task and he gather more information about it from various sources of their own. Headds new valid information in their existing mental schemes in order to complete the task in time and also doing it independently. The socio cultural backdrop involves the healthy interaction between the parents and the children. The adults should be able to direct and organize their children to develop their learning skills and to get more confidence on that learning. In the entire process, parents play a crucial role in the development of their child. As the parents are more knowledgeable than the children, so it is necessary for them to teach the symbols, signs, words and everything which is necessary for their child to grow properly with immense knowledge(Walker, 2017). Bronfenbrenner's theory The theory explains about the situational placements of the jack with the four distinct socio cultural layers. The children are dealing with the complex system of relationships between the Microsystems, mesosystem, exosystem and macro system. The Microsystems deals with the person and other information, the mesosystem is between the connections of various situations, the exosystem describes the direct influence on a child from the other relation and macro system tells about the relationship with the society(Wrzus, et al., 2013). Here in this case Jackacquires the knowledge from the social surroundings. The interaction of the children with the large community society helps to shape their knowledge and personal beliefs about the world. The examples of cognitive development The development of the child is done through a continuous transformation in the thought processes. The cognitive study of nursing is necessary for Jack to develop their skills and knowledge according to their age limit and ability. Various stages are explained by the Piaget where the children are categorized into age groups and depending on their maturity, experience and skills they need to cross each stage independently. For example, when the child is at very early age and playing in the cradle, they love to snatch and grab the hands of their teddy and put it on their mouth(John-Steine Mahn, 1996). When the mother intentionally put their hand on the baby, instead of the teddy they choose their mother's hand and put it in their mouth. After some months, the mother found that the child repeats the same situation and takes her hand directly to the mouth instead of the teddy. Gradually with the time they change their habit and start playing with the toys rather than taking them into th e mouth. Jackdevelops their knowledge and learns about the change in the situation which is due to the response of the stimuli. The cognitive development here plays a crucial role and helps in developing the mind of the child. For example, when the child has two options like a toy which looks attractive and a teddy, they often choose the toy rather than the teddy. If happens because they had already played with the teddy and they want some change in it. As the toy looks more attractive, they play most of the time with it. It shows their change in the response from the previous days. They are capable of understanding the change in their choice(Parkes Prigerson, 2013). Examples of social development When the parents in the early age of their children behave with them in a harsh or unreliable way, then the children develop a sense of mistrust and will not gain the confidence to believe in the world around them. Gradually they stop believing in their own abilities and become rude and arrogant. The role of the parents at the early age of the children is important in order to guide them in every possible way so that they will believe in themselves(Newman Newman, 2017). When the parents behave with the child in very jolly and lovable way, then the child develops a sense of trust and enhances their capabilities to solve any crises coming in their way. Criticizing their intention will always put them in a stack condition. When the child wants to put the shoes on the rack instead of knowing anything about the rack, in such situation parents should allow them instead f restricting them. It will develop the confidence in them. Factors influencing the cognitive and social development The factors that affect the cognitive and social development in the child are the environmental stress, nutrition, care, sensory development, stimuli, feeding practices, genetics and parental environment. These factors are considered as the most influential and effective reasons for the growing stage of the children. The physical development occurs in the children during the years 3 to 6, but more slowly during the infancy(Etzkowitz Leydesdorff, 2014). Due to lack of the nutrition and proper diet, the interest on food decreases which affects the cognitive development of the children. Sometimes the children are more curious about the foods and consume more which is again a bad symbol for their health and development. If a child has a perfect health, then it becomes easy for them to capture the knowledge from their parents, teachers as well as from the environment. The sleeping practice slows helps in developing the brain at the early age of the children(Bridges Bridges, 2017). Parents need to check the proper diet and schedule of their children so that they will easily enhance their skills and knowledge. The entire childhood depends on the parents as they are more experienced and smart. They need to take care of the feeding, nutrition, and foods of their child which helps the child to develop more at the early age. Conclusion From the above theories, it is cleared that at what age the child should be guided and after what age they should learn about their responsibilities. The beginning stage of the child should be properly guided by their parents so that they will be able to learn the symbols and language. When the child starts to progress, at that time they should be allowed to do their work independently so that they will learn from their mistakes at each step. At that point of time, the parents will only guide them instead of helping. The learning process will continue till the end of the life. In every step, there are new things to learn and explore. The thing which is important is the courage and confidence to deal with the situations. Reference Bridges, W., Bridges, S. (2017).Managing transitions: Making the most of change. Da Capo Press. Etzkowitz, H., Leydesdorff, L. (2014). The endless transition: a'Triple Helix'of university industry government relations. John-Steiner, V., Mahn, H. (1996). Sociocultural approaches to learning and development: A Vygotskian framework. Educational psychologist, 31(3-4), 191-206. Kail, R. V., Cavanaugh, J. C. (2015).Human development: A life-span view. Cengage Learning. Leider, R. J. (2015).The power of purpose: Creating meaning in your life and work. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Moos, R. (Ed.). (2013).Coping with life crises: An integrated approach. Springer. Newman, B. M., Newman, P. R. (2017).Development through life: A psychosocial approach. Cengage Learning. Parkes, C. M., Prigerson, H. G. (2013).Bereavement: Studies of grief in adult life. Routledge. Sigelman, C. K., Rider, E. A. (2014).Life-span human development. Cengage Learning. Walker, J. (2017).Social work and human development. Learning Matters. Wrzus, C., Hnel, M., Wagner, J., Neyer, F. J. (2013). Social network changes and life events across the life span: A meta-analysis.Psychological bulletin,139(1), 53.